INDIAN MATHEMATICS

INDIA ORIGIN OF MATHEMATICS

Indian mathematicians have great contributions and that dates back to Indus Valley Civilization and Veda. Indian mathematicians are known for their important contributions in the field of mathematics that includes concepts like concept of zero and place-value arithmetical notation. Some of the renowned Indian mathematicians during the early Vedic Age include names like Apastamba, Katyayana, Manava, Yajnavalkya, Baudhayana and Panini. Renowned mathematician Baudhayana was also a priest and a noted author. Apastamba`s `Dharmasutra` constitutes a part of the superior Kalpasutra that contains around 30 prasnas, (literally means `questions`). In Dharmasutra, the subjects are well organised and interestingly they are conserved in good condition.

From the classical age, Aryabhata I is one of the most popular and actually the first one in the list of Indian mathematicians-astronomers. He has contributed significantly in the field of mathematics. The most well-known works of Aryabhata include `Aryabhatiya` and `Arya-Siddhanta`. Bhaskara I was a renowned 7th century Indian mathematician. He is the first one to write numbers in Hindu-Arabic decimal system, and who gave a unique and remarkable rational approximation of the sine function in his interpretation on Aryabhata`s work. Jayadeva was a popular Indian mathematician of ninth century. He mainly worked on chakravala method or cyclic method. Further, he also made some significant offerings to combinatory. Brahmagupta was also a popular mathematician of the early age. In Brahmagupta`s work `Pell`s equation` was of prime importance. Bhaskaracharya was also a notable mathematician of the early age and his work had given an algorithmic approach. Mahavira from south India was a prominent mathematician of the 9th century. His work had given special emphasis on problems related to quadratic and cubic equations. In fact his contribution played a prominent role in the development of mathematics in south India. Madhava was also a prominent mathematician of 14th century and his works included detection of elements that are related to differential calculus. He had also given an approximation of pie. Moreover, Madhava had started a school of mathematics in the state of Kerala and some notable followers of that school were Nilakantha and Jyesthadeva. Gopala was also one of the well-known Indian mathematicians.

Some of the famous Indian mathematicians of the later age are S. Ramanujan, A. A. Krishnaswami Ayyangar, P. C Mahalanobis, D. K. Ray-Chaudhuri, Harish-Chandra, Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar, Ramdas Lotu Bhirud, Jayant Narlikar, Manjul Bhargava and many others. In all probability S.Ramanujam is most famous amongst the modern mathematician of India. He had produced wonderful results in the number theory but his most famous discovery in the field of mathematics arithmetic theory of modular forms. In a paper which he had presented in 1916 a paper in which he had initiated the study of pie function.

Manjul Bhargava, another noted mathematician of the modern era is known for composing the law for ternary quadratic forms. The work of Manjul Bhargava bears a deep approach and serves as a mathematical guidance. Harish Chandra on the other hand was not a much famous mathematician but his work had formed the base of Langlands`s concept of automorphic forms that are an enormous simplification of the modular forms.


INDIAN MATHEMATICS

Indian mathematicians have great contributions and that dates back to Indus Valley Civilization and Veda. Indian mathematicians are known for their important contributions in the field of mathematics that includes concepts like concept of zero and place-value arithmetical notation. Some of the renowned Indian mathematicians during the early Vedic Age include names like Apastamba, Katyayana, Manava, Yajnavalkya, Baudhayana and Panini. Renowned mathematician Baudhayana was also a priest and a noted author. Apastamba`s `Dharmasutra` constitutes a part of the superior Kalpasutra that contains around 30 prasnas, (literally means `questions`). In Dharmasutra, the subjects are well organised and interestingly they are conserved in good condition.

From the classical age, Aryabhata I is one of the most popular and actually the first one in the list of Indian mathematicians-astronomers. He has contributed significantly in the field of mathematics. The most well-known works of Aryabhata include `Aryabhatiya` and `Arya-Siddhanta`. Bhaskara I was a renowned 7th century Indian mathematician. He is the first one to write numbers in Hindu-Arabic decimal system, and who gave a unique and remarkable rational approximation of the sine function in his interpretation on Aryabhata`s work. Jayadeva was a popular Indian mathematician of ninth century. He mainly worked on chakravala method or cyclic method. Further, he also made some significant offerings to combinatory. Brahmagupta was also a popular mathematician of the early age. In Brahmagupta`s work `Pell`s equation` was of prime importance. Bhaskaracharya was also a notable mathematician of the early age and his work had given an algorithmic approach. Mahavira from south India was a prominent mathematician of the 9th century. His work had given special emphasis on problems related to quadratic and cubic equations. In fact his contribution played a prominent role in the development of mathematics in south India. Madhava was also a prominent mathematician of 14th century and his works included detection of elements that are related to differential calculus. He had also given an approximation of pie. Moreover, Madhava had started a school of mathematics in the state of Kerala and some notable followers of that school were Nilakantha and Jyesthadeva. Gopala was also one of the well-known Indian mathematicians.

Some of the famous Indian mathematicians of the later age are S. Ramanujan, A. A. Krishnaswami Ayyangar, P. C Mahalanobis, D. K. Ray-Chaudhuri, Harish-Chandra, Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar, Ramdas Lotu Bhirud, Jayant Narlikar, Manjul Bhargava and many others. In all probability S.Ramanujam is most famous amongst the modern mathematician of India. He had produced wonderful results in the number theory but his most famous discovery in the field of mathematics arithmetic theory of modular forms. In a paper which he had presented in 1916 a paper in which he had initiated the study of pie function.

Manjul Bhargava, another noted mathematician of the modern era is known for composing the law for ternary quadratic forms. The work of Manjul Bhargava bears a deep approach and serves as a mathematical guidance. Harish Chandra on the other hand was not a much famous mathematician but his work had formed the base of Langlands`s concept of automorphic forms that are an enormous simplification of the modular forms.